A foraging bee makes hundreds of decisions daily. Even deciding which flowers to visit can involve complex decision making. Where have flowers been found in the past? What colour, shape and odour were they? Do con-specifics indicate new foraging opportunities, or depleted resources?

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​Animal cognition is the basis of all the above behaviour. If anthropogenic factors impact bee cognition, bee foraging efficiency and navigation are likely to be affected, with potential impacts on colony fitness. Our research has investigated how insecticides including neonicotinoids, sulfoxaflor and various other insecticides influence both bumblebee and honeybee learning and memory.

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Read more here and here.

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